Student Research Making a Difference to Improve Sustainability Practices in Farm Markets

By: Noel Criscione-Naylor, Ed.D., Associate Professor of Hospitality, Tourism and Event Management Studies, Stockton University

Stockton University has a long-standing history and commitment to liberal arts. So, it is not uncommon for programs to embrace these ideals and leverage an interdisciplinary approach to address many of the challenges that impact our communities. Cheyenne Fraley, an Environmental Sciences senior, partnered with Dr. Noel Criscione-Naylor, interim chair and associate professor of the Hospitality, Tourism and Event Management program, to conduct research on the perception and use of sustainability practices in small farm, farm markets, a sector of agritourism.

In agricultural production, small farms, operations with gross cash farm income under $250,000, have taken a role in increasing biodiversity and a sense of community in suburbs and rural areas. Many of these small farms take part in selling their goods to a specific community rather than exporting or selling to larger markets, classified as production practices. This is increasingly important as consumer awareness continues to focus on the health benefits. Without these sustainable practices, land, water, and other resources may become inefficient for agricultural use through degradation. The perception and use of sustainability practices were explored using a single case, in Monmouth County, New Jersey. The study investigated farm market practices, including the history of the farm, practices implemented based on sustainability factors, barriers to sustainable practices, and future considerations for the farm to increase sustainability.

Data was collected over the 15-week semester where senior Cheyenne Fraley learned the ins and outs to conduct research while engaging with the small farm, farm market owners. Existing literature was explored to understand sustainable agriculture practices by small farms globally, nationally, and most specifically, in New Jersey. Understanding of the specific farm market was developed through the interview process, which included how the farm grows their produce and crops, what sustainable agriculture practices are utilized, which are not utilized, and why. Throughout the research, common themes emerged. Awareness of sustainable practices is limited; this is attributed to a lack of understanding of available resources and connections with available experts, such as agricultural extension centers. In this specific case, the market struggled to develop their business strategy and determine how to measure the farms’ economic success. This was directly related to the market placing their greatest value on the personal connection with customers while also indicating this is their largest concern. 

As the agritourism industry continues to grow in New Jersey, small farms require more awareness and access to reputable research, implementation of policies, and further practice of sustainable agriculture. Farmers can become more involved and educated about sustainable agriculture practices through respected resources that seek to promote innovation in sustainable agriculture and offer several programs to engage farmers in the development and adoption of a variety of practices. This research study is now being prepared for publication to share findings and improve current access to best practices.